One of the problems of modern Ukraine is the weak development of international transport corridors that would connect different regions of Ukraine with European countries. A separate issue is the lack of transport routes in the south of Ukraine (Odessa Region) that could become a connecting link for the development of trade, tourism and facilitate humanitarian contacts between the populations of the border regions. The main purpose of this work is to consider the potential of combining separate regions of Ukraine with the regions of European countries through highways and railroads, and to analyze the economic benefits of these transport connections. Particular attention is paid to the use of opportunities for cross-border cooperation for the implementation of promising projects in the transport sector. In particular, the paper considers international transport projects implemented over a decade (project of a transport ring around the Black Sea, the project of the Baltic Sea-Black Sea cooperation), as well as more  recent projects that are worthy of attention (the project Via Carpathia). Also, the factors that may complicate the implementation of transport projects are taken into consideration.