The Common Market of the South or MERCOSUR (in Spanish Mercado Comun del Sur, in Portuguese Mercado Comun do Sul, MERCOSUR), is a commercial block that has as goals: promoting the free exchange of products, people and capital between the countries members, as well as the development of a better integration and trial between partners and associates.The first members states were: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay; Venezuela signed the joining in 17 June 2006. Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru have associate estate.Although MERCOSUR has a tremendous potential in the international market, Romania doesn't have a trade agreement with this organization. Nevertheless Romania has bilateral agreements with all Member States of MERCOSUR.Analyzing the relations of our country with the South American Treaty, in the context of accession in EU, we have concluded that MERCOSUR became one of the most dynamic markets of the European exports.Unfortunately for the national economy, the commercial exchanges after 1990 are significantly lower with the states of Southern Hemisphere. Yet, the democratic evolution and the similar political scene help us to overcome customs barriers and other economic issues.To increase economic exchanges Romania and MERCOSUR are trying to prepare a model of free trade, both sides are interested that this agreement to become operational as soon as possible.MERCOSUR it is a political economical agreement, the most important in the region and it represents an element of establishment from the area creating strong bonds and neutralizing the fragmentation tendencies.The new policy of commerce follows to encourage the opening to the world's market. Despite current crisis the most important multinational companies put MERCOSUR on their agenda of strategy.