The Institutional and Legal Framework of the European Union in Border Security Management

Abstract

The security of the European Union’s borders is an ongoing process that combines data sets from different systems, supported by advanced technology, real-time information sharing, and institutional cooperation. European border policy            is based on a complex digital infrastructure consisting of large, interconnected IT systems that collect, store, and exchange data on individuals, documents, and events relevant to migration and security. The European Union has progressively developed these systems to compensate for the absence of internal border controls, to support the application of Schengen rules and asylum law, and to combat organized crime. Based on these considerations, this article sets out two scientific objectives: to identify key milestones in the evolution of European border policy and to provide a detailed overview of European information and surveillance systems in the field of borders and migration.